The first form exploits an imagined inclusion: after hearing that faults are absent, the audience expects the apparent exception to belong among faults. Yet the supposedly exceptional trait turns out to be praise.
This is not a claim that courage truly is a defect. The figure suggests that even an attempt to discover a flaw produces another perfection.
Confusing the rhetorical expectation with a literal classification of traits obscures the force of the passage.
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Tafrīʿ, Praise or Blame by Apparent Exception, Ist itbāʿ and Idmāj
The first form exploits an imagined inclusion: after hearing that faults are absent, the audience expects the apparent exception to belong among faults. Yet the supposedly exceptional trait turns out to be praise.
This is not a claim that courage truly is a defect. The figure suggests that even an attempt to discover a flaw produces another perfection.
Confusing the rhetorical expectation with a literal classification of traits obscures the force of the passage.