وَتَطْهُرُ النَّجَاسَةُ عَنِ الثَّوْبِ وَالْبَدَنِ بِالْمَاءِ وَبِكُلِّ مَائِعٍ مُزِيلٍ كَالْخَلِّ وَمَاءِ الْوَرْدِ ... وَإِذَا ذَهَبَ أَثَرُ النَّجَاسَةِ عَنِ الْأَرْضِ وَجَفَّتْ جَازَتِ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهَا ... وَتَطْهُرُ نَجَاسَةٌ اسْتَحَالَتْ عَيْنُهَا
• Clothing/body impurity may be removed by water and, under this position, another pure liquid that actually removes it, such as vinegar or rosewater.
• Impure earth becomes suitable for prayer when the impurity's trace disappears and the ground dries; the text separately does not use that ground for Tayammum under the preferred view.
• A substance whose impure identity genuinely transforms, such as becoming salt or ash, becomes pure under the stated rule.