Use four steps to recognize a maf'ul bihi.
1. Find the verb: what action occurred?
2. Find the fa'il: who performed it, explicitly or through the verb?
3. Ask whom or what the action affected.
4. Confirm that noun's nasb with the sign appropriate to its form.
In أَكَلَ إِبْرَاهِيْمُ التُّفَّاحَ, the action is eating, Ibrahim is the doer, and the apple is what was eaten. Therefore التُّفَّاحَ is the maf'ul bihi.
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Maf'ul Bihi: The Receiver of the Action
Use four steps to recognize a maf'ul bihi.
1. Find the verb: what action occurred?
2. Find the fa'il: who performed it, explicitly or through the verb?
3. Ask whom or what the action affected.
4. Confirm that noun's nasb with the sign appropriate to its form.
In أَكَلَ إِبْرَاهِيْمُ التُّفَّاحَ, the action is eating, Ibrahim is the doer, and the apple is what was eaten. Therefore التُّفَّاحَ is the maf'ul bihi.