The purpose is understood from the complete expression, not from the ending alone.
PurposeWhat it tells usExampleemphasisconfirms that the action truly occurredضَرَبْتُهُ ضَرْبًاkind or qualityshows how the action occurredضَرَبَ السَّارِقَ ضَرْبًا شَدِيدًاnumbershows how many times it occurredقَرَأْتُ الرِّسَالَةَ قِرَاءَةً وَاحِدَةً
The maf'ul mutlaq is mansub in all three uses.