Method 1: mnemonic symbol
عَلِمَ (س) means: use the pairing represented by symbol س, so the result is عَلِمَ—يَعْلَمُ.
Method 2: imperfect middle vowel
عَلِمَ (ـَـ) means: put fatḥah on the middle root position in the imperfect, again giving يَعْلَمُ.
The letters ک، ن، ف، ض، س، ح are mnemonic symbols used in this book; do not assume every dictionary uses them.