● The third-person masculine singular pronoun ـهُ follows these four rules in writing and pronunciation:
1. Long ḍammah on the pronoun (ُ): If the preceding letter has a ḍammah or fatḥah, as in كِتَابُهُ, 'his book' in the nominative, and كِتَابَهُ in the accusative.
2. Long kasrah on the pronoun: If the preceding letter has a kasrah, as in كِتَابِهِ, 'his book' in the genitive.
3. Long kasrah after a silent yāʾ: If the pronoun follows a silent yāʾ, as in كِتَابَيْهِ, 'his two books' in the genitive.
4. Regular ḍammah on the pronoun: If the pronoun follows an alif or another silent letter, as in كِتَابَاهُ, 'his two books,' and مِنْهُ, 'from him.'
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Spelling Rules for the Third-Person Masculine Singular Pronoun (ـهُ)
Using Attached Pronouns as the Muḍāf Ilayh and Their Spelling Rules
● The third-person masculine singular pronoun ـهُ follows these four rules in writing and pronunciation:
1. Long ḍammah on the pronoun (ُ): If the preceding letter has a ḍammah or fatḥah, as in كِتَابُهُ, 'his book' in the nominative, and كِتَابَهُ in the accusative.
2. Long kasrah on the pronoun: If the preceding letter has a kasrah, as in كِتَابِهِ, 'his book' in the genitive.
3. Long kasrah after a silent yāʾ: If the pronoun follows a silent yāʾ, as in كِتَابَيْهِ, 'his two books' in the genitive.
4. Regular ḍammah on the pronoun: If the pronoun follows an alif or another silent letter, as in كِتَابَاهُ, 'his two books,' and مِنْهُ, 'from him.'