LessonsThe Second Figure: Conditions of Validity and Four Productive MoodsQuiz

The book proves this mood through conversion of the major premise. A universal negative converts to another universal negative.

Minor: All C are B.
Major: No A is B.
Converted major: No B is A.
Now in the first figure: All C are B; no B is A.
Conclusion: No C is A.

Conversion makes B the subject of the major, while it remains predicate of the minor. This gives the first-figure structure and demonstrates the required conclusion.

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Mood 1: proof by converting the major

The Second Figure: Conditions of Validity and Four Productive Moods

The book proves this mood through conversion of the major premise. A universal negative converts to another universal negative.

Minor: All C are B.
Major: No A is B.
Converted major: No B is A.
Now in the first figure: All C are B; no B is A.
Conclusion: No C is A.

Conversion makes B the subject of the major, while it remains predicate of the minor. This gives the first-figure structure and demonstrates the required conclusion.