For any candidate second-figure argument:
1. Identify minor and major terms from the proposed conclusion.
2. Locate the middle; it must be predicate in both premises.
3. Check quantity: is the major universal?
4. Check quality: is one premise affirmative and the other negative?
5. Determine the conclusion's quantity from the minor and its negative quality from the premises.
If the condition in step 3 or 4 fails, the proposed conclusion is not warranted by the standard second-figure form.
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The Second Figure: Conditions of Validity and Four Productive Moods
For any candidate second-figure argument:
1. Identify minor and major terms from the proposed conclusion.
2. Locate the middle; it must be predicate in both premises.
3. Check quantity: is the major universal?
4. Check quality: is one premise affirmative and the other negative?
5. Determine the conclusion's quantity from the minor and its negative quality from the premises.
If the condition in step 3 or 4 fails, the proposed conclusion is not warranted by the standard second-figure form.