The textbook uses an alternative such as “this object is a tree or a stone.” To treat it as an exhaustive division, one must first restrict the possibilities to those two; not every object in the world is a tree or a stone. Likewise, passing Arabic or logic is not automatically an exclusive division: a student may pass both. If the student passes neither, the disjunctive assertion is false. Always test the scope and relationship of the alternatives.
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Not every either/or is exclusive and exhaustive
Types of Qiyas: Istithna’i and Iqtirani
The textbook uses an alternative such as “this object is a tree or a stone.” To treat it as an exhaustive division, one must first restrict the possibilities to those two; not every object in the world is a tree or a stone. Likewise, passing Arabic or logic is not automatically an exclusive division: a student may pass both. If the student passes neither, the disjunctive assertion is false. Always test the scope and relationship of the alternatives.