Each letter has a bundle of simultaneous qualities; these are not separate sounds to be stacked upon it. The book also notes phenomena whose realization depends on context: a consonant’s vowel or sukūn, the preceding sound, and the position in a word.
For instance, qalqalah is tested particularly in an unvowelled member of its group; a moving ب does not receive an invented extra bounce. Likewise not every occurrence of wāw or yāʾ is a lengthening letter.
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Two cautions when using the chart
Letter-by-Letter Qualities and Distinguishing Features
Each letter has a bundle of simultaneous qualities; these are not separate sounds to be stacked upon it. The book also notes phenomena whose realization depends on context: a consonant’s vowel or sukūn, the preceding sound, and the position in a word.
For instance, qalqalah is tested particularly in an unvowelled member of its group; a moving ب does not receive an invented extra bounce. Likewise not every occurrence of wāw or yāʾ is a lengthening letter.