The next heading is Ṣifāt Mumayyizah—qualities by which similar letters are differentiated. The author’s method is comparative: similar inherent qualities may require a difference of articulation point; a shared or close point may require a difference in the manner of articulation.
This section does not introduce a new list of temporary qualities; it explains which properties help keep particular letters distinct.
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Section Five: distinguishing qualities
Letter-by-Letter Qualities and Distinguishing Features
The next heading is Ṣifāt Mumayyizah—qualities by which similar letters are differentiated. The author’s method is comparative: similar inherent qualities may require a difference of articulation point; a shared or close point may require a difference in the manner of articulation.
This section does not introduce a new list of temporary qualities; it explains which properties help keep particular letters distinct.