يَـٰٓأَيَّتُهَا ٱلنَّفْسُ ٱلْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ
Sentence structure
يَـٰٓأَيَّتُهَا is a vocative expression: يَا calls, and أَيَّتُهَا supports the address. ٱلنَّفْسُ clarifies the addressee, and ٱلْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ is its adjective.
Ayah summary
O soul that found tranquillity through the remembrance and obedience of Allah.
يَـٰٓأَيَّتُهَا — O
Grammar: يَا is a vocative particle; أَيَّةُ is the built vocative support noun in the nominative form, and هَا an alert particle.
ٱلنَّفْسُ — soul
Grammar: ٱل defines the feminine-singular nominative apposition/clarifier of أَيَّةُ.
ٱلْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ — who is satisfied
Grammar: ٱل defines the feminine-singular nominative adjective of ٱلنَّفْسُ.