وَمَا هُمْ عَنْهَا بِغَآئِبِينَ
Sentence structure
The circumstantial wāw introduces a negative nominal clause. In one Hijazi grammatical reading, مَا works like لَيْسَ: هُمْ is its noun and بِغَآئِبِينَ its emphatic predicate; a non-governing analysis is also recognized.
Ayah summary
They will neither escape Hell nor leave it after entering.
وَمَا — And not
Grammar: وَ is circumstantial. مَا is negative: it works like لَيْسَ in the Hijazi analysis and is non-governing in the Tamimi analysis.
هُمْ — they
Grammar: A detached third-person masculine plural pronoun: the noun of مَا in the Hijazi analysis and the topic in the non-governing analysis.
عَنْهَا — from it
Grammar: عَنْ is a preposition and attached هَا its genitive pronoun; the phrase is linked to بِغَآئِبِينَ.
بِغَآئِبِينَ — (will be) absent
Grammar: بِ is an extra emphatic preposition, so the sound masculine plural active participle is genitive in form with yā. In the Hijazi analysis it is the predicate of مَا and accusative in position; in the non-governing analysis it is the predicate of هُمْ and nominative in position. The final nūn is a nominal plural ending.