إِن كُلُّ نَفْسٍۢ لَّمَّا عَلَيْهَا حَافِظٌۭ
Sentence structure
The whole clause is the response to the opening oath. On the negative-exception analysis, إِن negates, كُلُّ is the nominative topic annexed to نَفْسٍۢ, and لَّمَّا means 'except'. حَافِظٌۭ is the predicate, with عَلَيْهَا linked to it.
Ayah summary
Every soul has a guardian appointed by Allah.
إِن — Not
Grammar: In the negative-exception reading, a non-governing negative particle equivalent to مَا.
كُلُّ — (is) every
Grammar: A nominative noun functioning as the topic and annexed to نَفْسٍۢ.
نَفْسٍۢ — soul
Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular genitive noun functioning as the complement of كُلُّ.
لَّمَّا — but
Grammar: In one grammatical reading, an exception particle meaning إِلَّا.
عَلَيْهَا — over it
Grammar: عَلَى is a preposition and attached هَا its third-person feminine-singular genitive pronoun; the phrase is linked to حَافِظٌۭ.
حَافِظٌۭ — (is) a protector
Grammar: An indefinite nominative active participle functioning as the predicate of كُلُّ.