LessonsParticles Hatta, Ila and Ala: Scope, Limits and Legal ConsequencesQuiz

SituationRelationshipInterpretation
Literal endpointThe first act can continue, and the second limits itApply duration and the endpoint
Customary hyperboleThe apparent endpoint is not intended literally in usageApply the established customary sense
Cause and consequenceThe first is an event; the second can be its resultApply the causal relationship

Sometimes two events attributed to the same person cannot form a genuine duration-and-endpoint sequence. Their combined occurrence can then define the condition. The actor, the purpose and the occurrence of each event must be identified separately.

The rule is to examine the first action before deciding what hatta can mean after it.

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A comparative test for hatta

Particles Hatta, Ila and Ala: Scope, Limits and Legal Consequences

SituationRelationshipInterpretation
Literal endpointThe first act can continue, and the second limits itApply duration and the endpoint
Customary hyperboleThe apparent endpoint is not intended literally in usageApply the established customary sense
Cause and consequenceThe first is an event; the second can be its resultApply the causal relationship

Sometimes two events attributed to the same person cannot form a genuine duration-and-endpoint sequence. Their combined occurrence can then define the condition. The actor, the purpose and the occurrence of each event must be identified separately.

The rule is to examine the first action before deciding what hatta can mean after it.