A feature associated with the comparison source can play at least two roles. First: a metaphor is already established and the feature reinforces its image. Second: the original subject is explicitly present, and the associated feature itself reveals an imagined attribution.
The commercial term in “purchasing error” is the primary metaphor, and “profit” continues it. In “claws of death,” death is stated while claws direct attention to the unstated predator.
Different rhetorical traditions may classify details of the second kind differently, so the underlying analysis is more important than a bare label.