Muzāwajah, ʿAks, Rujūʿ, Tawriyah and Istikhdām

Read-only question overview. Answers and scoring remain inside authenticated learner attempts.

• What is the technical criterion of muzāwajah?
• What is the first corresponding result in the example beginning “idhā mā nahā al-nāhī”?
• What creates the figure in “ʿādāt al-sādāt sādāt al-ʿādāt”?
• Where is ʿaks located in “He brings the living from the dead and the dead from the living”?
• Why is the “lā hunna ḥillun lahum ...” construction ʿaks?
• What correctly distinguishes ʿaks from ṭibāq?
• What does the speaker do in rujūʿ?
• What is the role of “balā wa-ghayyarahā...” after the poem’s initial claim?
• What separates rhetorical rujūʿ from an ordinary correction?
• Which meaning is intended in tawriyah?
• When does a polysemous word fail to establish tawriyah?
• What is distinctive about reinforced tawriyah?
• What remains common to bare and reinforced tawriyah?
• What is the operative meaning of “bi-aydin” in the cited verse?
• How does tawriyah differ from īhām al-tanāsub?
• Where does the semantic change occur in the first form of istikhdām?
• What distinguishes the second form of istikhdām?
• What does al-samāʾ denote in “idhā nazala al-samāʾ ... raʿaynāhu”?
• In that line, what does the pronoun of raʿaynāhu refer to?
• Which sense is activated by al-sākinīhi in the ghaḍā example?
• What sense suits shabbūhu in the ghaḍā example?
• What best separates tawriyah from istikhdām?
• Which properly distinguishes ʿaks and rujūʿ?
• Which diagnostic question is most useful for istikhdām?
• If a pronoun refers to exactly the same sense as its antecedent, what follows?
• Which Qur’anic expression is ʿaks rather than muzāwajah?
• Why might a writer deliberately use rujūʿ?
• Every ordinary conditional sentence is automatically muzāwajah.
• The iḍāfah order is reversed in “ʿādāt al-sādāt sādāt al-ʿādāt.”
• Simply adding a synonym without changing the earlier assertion constitutes rujūʿ.
• Reinforced tawriyah can include a near-sense companion even though the remote sense is intended.
• In the “al-samāʾ ... raʿaynāhu” example the pronoun indicates pasture resulting from rain.
• Istikhdām requires two explicit nouns and has no role for pronouns.